NAMA : IRRIYANTI
KELAS : 4EA17
NPM : 18211536
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Conditional
Sentences
are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are used to express
that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a
certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled. There are three types
of Conditional Sentences.
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Conditional Sentence Type 1
Often called
the "real" conditional because it is used for real or possible
situations. These situations take place if a certain condition is met. It is
possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.
Form : If + Simple Present, + Simple Future
Conditional
Sentences Type 1 refer to the future. An action in the future will only happen
if a certain condition is fulfilled by that time. We don't know for sure
whether the condition actually will be fulfilled or not, but the conditions
seems rather realistic – so we think it is likely to happen.
Example :
|
If clause
|
Main or
Conditional clause
|
|
If + Present
Tense
|
Future Tense
|
|
If they are late,
|
I’m going to be angry.
|
|
If I have enough time,
|
I'll watch the football match.
|
Conditional Sentence Type 2
Often called
the "unreal" conditional because it is used for unreal impossible or
improbable situations. This conditional provides an imaginary result for a given
situation. It is very unlikely that the condition will be fulfilled.
Form : if + Simple Past, + would + base verb
Were / Was
In
conditional type 2, we usually use in the if clause "were" instead of
"was" even if the pronoun is I, he, she or it. "were" here
is a subjunctive form.
NOTE : "was"
is also a possible form.
Use :
Conditional
Sentences Type 2 refer to an action in the present that could happen if the
present situation were different. I don't really expect the situation to change
because it is very unlikely.
Example :
|
If clause
|
Main or
Conditional clause
|
|
If + Simple Past
|
would + base
verb
|
|
If I were a millionaire
|
I would buy a castle.
|
|
If I had time,
|
I would drop you off at school.
|
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Conditional Sentence Type 3
It is
impossible that the condition will be met because it refers to the past.
Form: if + Past Perfect, + would + have + Past
Participle
Use :
Conditional
Sentences Type 3 refer to situations in the past. They express hypothetical
results to past given situations.
Example :
|
If clause
|
Main or
Conditional clause
|
|
If + Past
Perfect
|
would + have +
Past Participle
|
|
If he had been careful,
|
he wouldn't have had that terrible accident.
|
|
If we had known about the storm,
|
we wouldn’t have started our journey.
|
Things to remember!
1. The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.
Example :
- "Phosphorus burns if you expose it to air."
- " I will send her an invitation if I find her address."
- " I would travel around the world if I had a million dollars."
- "He wouldn't have had that terrible accident if he had been careful."
2. Main clause and/or if clause might be negative.
Example :
- If I don’t see him this afternoon, I will phone him in the evening.
- If he had been careful, he wouldn't have had an accident.
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